Technology Platforms in the Russian Innovation Policy Practice

Abstract

Technology platforms are regarded as an important tool for linking disparate elements of the innovation system and shaping an integrated innovation framework. Platforms can be a part of the institutional framework for building relationships along one of the axes of the innovation system “universities – research organizations – industry” and provide a basis for the elaboration and implementation of focused and comprehensive innovation policy in different areas.

The paper considers the process of shaping technology platforms in Russia and describes the contemporary context of their formation. This process is only at an early stage and is fragile. This is due to objective reasons, primarily a mutual misunderstanding of strategic interests. Until today the challenge of overcoming the existing gap hasn’t yet been scrutinized on the governmental level. The author presents the concept of public-private partnerships, various types of such cooperation and examines possible scenarios for their development.
Methodologically the initiative to establish technology platforms in Russia draws heavily on the European experience, which is also disclosed in detail. The publication compares features of European and Russian technology platforms, describes the challenges and opportunities for their development, and identifies strengths and weaknesses of the platforms.

A number of recommendations are provided. In particular, it is needed to follow the basic principles that have proven successful in the European practice; focus on the markets, not only on technology development and coordination of actions of a wide range of participants. All the core enterprises should be represented in a platform, not only governmental but also private ones. The platform should be established with close involvement of ministries and departments responsible for the strategic development of the relevant sectors.

Indirect support measures will allow the coordination of  the program of innovative development of state-owned enterprises with the platform strategy; define the topical scope of R&D projects as well as the amount of funding through federal targeted programmes etc.

The author depicts some positive effects accompanying the establishments of technology platforms. The success of a platform depends on its ability to provide a strong involvement of the main actors of the national innovation system. A key role in this process belongs to the government.