Аннотация
Рассматривается влияние компетенций российских топ-менеджеров на готовность стимулировать инновационные процессы в компаниях, в том числе с использованием на определенном этапе некоторых коррупционных схем для обхода бюрократических барьеров. С помощью логит-модели на основе обследований предприятий, выполненных Всемирным банком, проанализированы данные о руководителях малого и среднего бизнеса. Выявлено, что наличие «коррупционных компетенций» положительно влияет на инновационную деятельность предприятий в развивающихся странах. Такой эффект обусловлен тем, что коррупция в подобных государствах выступает механизмом снижения трансакционных издержек, с которыми сопряжена инновационная деятельность. Уровень коррупционной активности руководителей возрастает по мере накопления ими опыта в силу высокой степени бюрократизации и слабости институтов, оборачивающимися для предприятий временными и финансовыми издержками. В краткосрочной перспективе коррупция может ускорить развитие инноваций, однако не может служить постоянным инструментом в этом отношении, поскольку ее долгосрочные последствия оказываются крайне негативными.
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