Ключевые слова
экосистема предпринимательства
деловая активность
Центральная и Восточная Европа
Как цитировать
Аннотация
В фокусе статьи — деловая активность населения постсоциалистических стран Центральной и Восточной Европы (ЦВЕ). Цель предпринятого автором исследования состоит в выявлении условий и особенностей ведения бизнеса в этих государствах через анализ предпринимательской активности в каждом из них (или в нескольких) с учетом их социетальных и экономических характеристик. Источником эмпирических данных послужили результаты «Глобального мониторинга предпринимательства» (Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, GEM). На основе ряда ключевых показателей последнего за 2011 г. по соответствующим странам ЦВЕ вкупе с сильными и слабыми сторонами существующих подходов к классификации была предложена новая типология предпринимательских экосистем. Автор распределяет их по двум «осям» — качества деловой активности в стране (высокое, среднее, ниже среднего) и ее условий (благоприятные, средние, ниже средних). Результатом становится кластеризация стран ЦВЕ по типам экосистем предпринимательства, где в худший кластер попадает Босния и Герцеговина, в лучший — Чехия. Россия заняла место в кластере со средними показателями по обеим осям. Полученные результаты могут оказаться полезны при разработке различных вариантов политики содействия предпринимательству и поддержки малого бизнеса, отказывающейся от общих схем в пользу учета ресурсов и ограничений каждого из выделенных типов экосистем бизнеса.
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