Ключевые слова
государственные закупки
стимулирование спроса
нормативно-правовая база
множественное исследование кейсов
Как цитировать
Аннотация
Стимулирование спроса как механизм технологической и инновационной политики подробно исследуется в литературе. Цели импортозамещения, сокращения зависимости от импорта и удовлетворения внутренних потребностей за счет развития собственных технологий и инноваций придают этой теме особую политическую актуальность. В Иране были разработаны и реализуются программы, которые можно условно разделить на горизонтальные и вертикальные. К первым относятся меры, направленные на регулирование деятельности общеправительственных учреждений и государственного сектора в целом, ко вторым — управление государственным спросом в определенной товарной области. Указанные подходы рассматриваются на нескольких примерах. В качестве горизонтальной политики анализируется закон «О максимальном использовании производственных мощностей» и система иностранных финансовых кредитов. В качестве вертикальной — производство 10 групп стратегических нефтепродуктов и проведение форума Iran Laboratory Exhibition (IranLabExpo). Эти проекты изучаются и сравниваются в контексте общей политики стимулирования спроса на технологии и инновации. Наконец, обобщается опыт инструментализации Ираном государственного спроса для целей технологического и инновационного развития.
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