Doctorate Holders: Career, Demand, International Mobility

Abstract

Doctorate holders represent a crucial human resource for research and innovation. While they benefit from an employment premium, doctoral graduates encounter a number of difficulties, notably in terms of working conditions. The labour market of doctoral graduates is more internationalized than that of other tertiary-level graduates, and the doctoral population is a highly internationally mobile one. The paper explores the reasons for migration of doctorate holders and challenges they face entering the labour market.