Abstract
This article explores major evolution stages of innovation policy in South Africa which is now in transition to constitutional democracy. The author seeks to identify prerequisites for the new innovation system in the country and to understand the role of the government and the Ministry of Science and Technology in driving the system. The paper also analyses new trends in scientific research with regard to health and services sectors accompanied by the scarcity of skilled R&D personnel. The empirical sources for the paper are policy documents and a range of science and technology databases.
References
Arundel A., Bordoy C., Mohnen P., Smith K. Innovation Surveys and Policy: Lessons from the CIS / C. Nauwelaers, R. Wintjes (eds.). Innovation Policy in Europe. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2007. P. 29-52.
DACST. All our futures: synthesis report of the National Research and Technology Foresight. Pretoria: Department of Science and Technology, 1999.
DACST. System Wide Review. Pretoria: Department of Science and Technology, 1998.
DACST. White Paper on Science and Technology. Pretoria: Department of Science and Technology, 1996.
DST. Innovation Plan: Toward the Knowledge Economy. Pretoria: Department of Science and Technology, 2008.
DST. South African Innovation Survey 2005 Highlights. Pretoria: Department of Science and Technology, 2007.
DST. The National Research and Development Strategy. Pretoria: Department of Science and Technology, 2002.
Department of Education, 2008. URL: www.education.gov.za.
Dodgson M., Gann D., Salter A. Think, Play, Do. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005.
Etzkowitz H., Leydesdorff L. The dynamics of innovation: from National Systems and 'Mode 2' to a Triple Helix of university-industry-government relations // Research Policy, 2000, v. 29. P. 109-123.
Fedderke J. Technology, human capital and growth: evidence from a middle income country case study, applying heterogeneous panel analysis. TIPS working paper. 2001.
Freeman C. Technology Policy and Economic Performance: Lessons from Japan. London: Frances Pinter, 1987.
Hausmann R. Final recommendations of the International Panel on Growth. Pretoria: National Treasury, 2007.
Kahn M. J. The South African national system of innovation: from constructed crisis to constructed advantage? // Science and Public Policy, 2006, v. 33, № 2. P. 125-136.
Kahn M.J., Blankley W. The state of research and experimental development: moves to a higher gear / B. Sakhela, J. Daniel, R. Southall, J. Lutchman (eds.). State of the Nation. South Africa 2005-2006. Cape Town: HSRC Press, 2006. P. 270-296.
Kahn M.J., Hounwanou L. Research and Development in the Services Sector of an Emerging Economy: the case of South Africa // Science and Public Policy, 2008, v. 35, № 7. P. 515-526.
Kaplan D.E. South Africa's National Research and Development Strategy: a review // Science, Technology & Society, 2004, v. 9, № 2. Р. 273-294.
Lundvall B.-Å. Product Innovation and User-Producer Interaction. Aalborg: Aalborg University Press, 1985.
Mouton J. South Africa's science in transition // Science, Technology & Society, 2003, v. 8, № 2. P. 235-260.
NRF. South Africa's Research Chairs Initiative (SARChI), 2007. URL: (accessed 28 September 2007).
OECD. Main Science and Technology Indicators. Paris: OECD, 2008.
OECD. Oslo Manual Guidelines for Collecting and Interpreting Innovation Data (3rd ed.). Paris: OECD, Eurostat, 2005.
OECD. Review of South Africa's Innovation Policy. Paris: OECD, 2007.
Oerlemans L.A.G., Pretorius M.W., Buys A.J., Rooks G. Industrial Innovation in South Africa. Pretoria: University of Pretoria, 2004.
RSA. Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment. Act № 53 (2003). Pretoria: Republic of South Africa, 2003.
RSA. White Paper on Reconstruction and Development. Government Gazette General Notice 1954 of 1994. Cape Town: Government Printer, 1994.
Statistics South Africa. Mortality and causes of death in South Africa, 1997-2003. Statistical release P0309.3. Pretoria: Statistics South Africa, 2005.
Van der Bijl H.J. The Thermionic Vacuum Tube - Physics and Electronics. New York: McGraw Hill, 1920.
Von Hippel E. Democratizing Innovations. Stanford, C.A: MIT Press, 2005.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.