ISSN 1995-459X print E-ISSN 2312-9972 online ISSN 2500-2597 online English
Editor-in-chief Leonid Gokhberg
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2020. vol. 14. No. 2
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Strategies
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7–22
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China was the first country to face the COVID-19 outbreak. Owing to the prompt and decisive actions of the authorities, and the consolidation of society, the country has overcome the peak of incidence, and economic activity is gradually recovering. The paper shows how COVID-19 affects the key industries and simulates the impact on supply and transportation channel work. Using the input-output spatial data, migration index indicators, and pandemic spread statistics, we simulate different scenarios for changes in China provinces’ production and consumption under the post-coronavirus epidemic situation. Calculations were made for 31 provinces and 42 sectors of the Chinese economy. We got a model that coronavirus outbreak disaster influences on carbon dioxide emission, level of hazardous wastes and Energy-Resource Efficiency Rating. Basing on financial and migration flows between China provinces, we chose the most effective after-coronavirus outbreak model. Our main recommendation is that one needn’t to carry out any segregation of consumers. It is necessary to distribute the damage as evenly as possible between all provinces equally. We believe that such an approach will allow the Chinese economy to suffer the least damage and recover faster. Finally, we analyze the development of the post-epidemic financial flows from China to Russia, with the horizon until 2025. In all scenarios, the temporary decline of the bi-directional is expected. The results of the study may be useful for other countries in developing policies to overcome the post-epidemic crisis. |
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23–35
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The article considers opportunities, risk and challenges of development of digital financial technologies. To identify them we use the scenario approach. We determine three main development scenarios for the market of innovative financial technologies — “domination of traditional financial companies”, “segmentation of market of new financial technologies’, and “domination of digital financial companies”, in terms of their probability and possible consequences for the global financial markets. The results of analysis allowed to suggest that among main scenarios of FinTech development the most probable is the splitting of existing market, that in perspective can generate into the market of digital transnational financial corporations, which will squeeze out both small companies and traditional financial giants. However, although the scenario of capturing the financial market by big players is currently unlikely, but it is certainly more important in terms of the consequences for the global markets.The main prerequisite for the latest scenario is the promotion of international cooperation in the regulation of digital financial companies. Such a prerequisite requires new models of country-level interaction in regulation of innovative financial companies in order to address risks and challenges of different scenarios of FinTech development in global financial markets. The article includes comparative analysis of digital development in Russia and Republic of Korea, which is one of the key players on the Asian FinTech market, as a possible benchmark to shape policies of intergovernmental cooperation in the global financial markets. These policies include 1) a regulatory cooperation that reduces regulatory risks due to growing experience in regulation of innovative financial companies; 2) an investment cooperation allowing to acquire additional experience in regulatory practices and to develop infrastructure, which meets new requirements of digital finance; and 3) a cooperation on taxation of FinTech companies that reduces cross-border regulatory arbitrage. |
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36–50
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In the paper, there is the relationship between internal competitiveness factors and the perception of Russian SMEs’ level of competitiveness pressures examined, based on a secondary analysis of the RuFIGE (Russian Enterprises in global economy) survey data obtained in 2014 by 1,677 Russian industrial small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). It comes out that neither the high technological level, nor the introduction of the CRM system, nor the availability of external financing are sufficient for Russian manufacturing SMEs to feel competitive on the global market. From the other side, those manufacturing SMEs whose main competitors are domestic enterprises, do count neither the technological level nor the presence of a CRM system to be necessary factors of competitiveness. Further, there are different «weight categories» among Russian manufacturing SMEs. SME owners, who work only in local markets, are immune to competition from large foreign companies and consider Russian firms similar to their own as main competitors. Those who work on the whole Russian market feel a high competitive pressure from foreign manufacturers. |
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51–62
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The article is dedicated to the analysis of cost factors, primarily tax burden, that can explain the observable price difference on Russian market between domestic telecommunication equipment and imports from China and USA. The relevance of the research is justified by critical significance of this market for economic, information and technological security of Russian Federation in a changed geopolitical environment. The present methods of tax burden calculation analyzed in the article reveal the subindustry level measurement to be the least studied. Based on data on 42 companies for 2015-2017, the cost structure of telecommunication equipment manufacturing industry is studied, a model for computing the tax burden rate on domestic enterprises using imported components is built. The model is adjusted for cross-country comparison to reflect the specifics of countries’ tax systems. The calculations are based on the assumption of equal production costs in the three countries under examination.A comparative analysis has shown that the tax burden in Russia is on average higher than in USA (almost 3 percentage points) and in China for enterprises operating in preferential economic zones (about 2 percentage points). However, this difference in tax burden rate does not explain the observed price discrepancy on the domestic market (up to 21 percent). Cost of components and cost of debt are additionally examined as the factors elucidating divergence of economic conditions. An approximate assessment of their influence has shown that the effect of reducing average costs with an increase in output of components, which is especially characteristic of China, has the largest impact. For American importers the tax burden level and high-end offer are the main competitive advantages. A number of tariff regulation measures allowing to compensate for the price discrepancy on the domestic market are proposed for innovation policy to stimulate the technological development of national producers. |
Innovation
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64–75
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People are increasingly dependent on technology. On the other hand, companies’ large-scale investments to establish an ongoing loyalty with technology platforms and ecosystems show negative results. This is due to lower trust, concerns about risk, and increasing issues of privacy. Despite the continuous development of digital assistant applications to increase interactivity, however, there is no guarantee that the concept of interactivity is capable of gaining users’ trust and addressing their concerns. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the effects of controllability, synchronicity, bidirectionality on perceived performance and user satisfaction with digital assistant applications as moderated by perceived trust. Amos 22.0 was used to analyze a sample of 150 digital assistant users of brands Samsung Bixby, Google Assistant, Apple Siri, and other brands.Results show that bidirectionality is the most worrying feature in terms of perceived performance of digital assistants related to trust and privacy protection issues of personal data, whereas the other two features contribute to perceived performance and digital assistant users’ satisfaction. Perceived trust plays a role in moderating the relationship between controllability, synchronicity bi-directionality of perceived performance. Finally, perceived performance has an effect on digital assistant users’ satisfaction. |
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76–86
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There has been wide interest in exploring ways to provide more efficient personalized recommendation systems (RSs) in order to attract customers and increase product sales. The majority of the existing researches are concerned with improving the accuracy and effectiveness of the recommendation algorithms, or focusing on how to limit perceived risks, with the aim of increasing consumer satisfaction. Unlike these mentioned studies, this research begins from the perspective of customer-RS interaction, and ends in revealing the mechanisms involved in consumers’ acceptance of recommendations by using the technology acceptance model. The empirical study results show that perceived interpersonal interaction is an important factor that directly affects university students’ intentions to use RS, while perceived ease- of- use influences them in an indirect way through mediation of perceived usefulness. On this basis, the study thus provides suggestions on how to supply an improved interaction with easy and useful personalized RS. |
Master Class
Anna Kononiuk,
Anna Pajak,
Alicja Eva Gudanowska,
Andrzej Magruk,
Eva Rollnik-Sadowska,
Justyna Kozlowska,
Anna Sacio-Szymanska
Foresight for Career Development
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88–104
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Career planning and development becomes a process of managing learning, experience and change in order to achieve a personally determined, preferred professional future. In the context of dynamic social, economic and technological changes, the role of career counselling services increases, although their character also evolves. New competences and abilities to use innovative tools that enable effective processes of creating career visions in a systemic manner are expected. In this context the adaptation of Futures Studies to both practice and education of career counselling seems to be an interesting prospect. Exploring the future not only develops individual planning and adaptation skills, but also allows detecting and identifying upcoming trends. It means the ability to adapt to new conditions, or proactive creation of the future, in a way that is favourable. The aim of the article is to present comprehensive methodology and the results of a nationwide survey conducted in Poland among practitioners in the field of career counselling. The scope of the study included exploring the potential of foresight methodology and future studies application for education and practice in the field of career counselling. The main focus of the research to examine the current quality and scope of education offer for career counsellors by the disconfirmation between the ideal features of the courses and the individual perception of the courses completed, in the context of building the abilities to apply future-oriented methodologies and tools. Competences in this area were also examined, by assessing both, their level among the practitioners and the assessment of their suitability in career counselling practice. The quantitative research was supported by individual interviews with practitioners and experts in the area of career counselling. |
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